Copyright 2014 by OBedeya Dorin David Aurel Ben Aharon Cohen & Blogger Buzz .
This digital art is created by :OBedeya Dorin David Aurel Ben Aharon Cohen
Jews in Romania they,founded the Israeli Zionist spirit on Romanian territory.
Alba Iulia city Great Union of Romanians, becomes City Proclamation of Israel State .
After Romania entered the war at the start of Operation Barbarossa atrocities against the Jews became common, starting with the Iași pogrom - on June 27, 1941, Romanian dictator Ion Antonescu telephoned Col. Constantin Lupu, commander of the Iași garrison, telling him formally to "cleanse Iași of its Jewish population", though plans for the pogrom had been laid even earlier - 13,266 Jews, according to Romanian authorities, were killed in July 1941.
In July–August 1941, the yellow badge was imposed by local initiatives in several cities (Iași, Bacău, Cernăuți). A similar measure imposed by the national government lasted only five days (between September 3 and September 8, 1941), before being annulled on Antonescu's order. However, on local initiative, the badge was still worn especially in the towns of Moldavia, Bessarabia and Bukovina (Bacău, Iași, Câmpulung, Botoșani, Cernăuți, etc.).
According to the Wiesel Commission report released by the Romanian government in 2004, Romania murdered in various forms, between 280,000 to 380,000 Jews in Romania and in the war zone of Bessarabia, Bukovina and in the Transnistria Governorate. Until 2004, when researchers made numerous documents publicly available, many in Romania denied knowledge that their country participated in the Holocaust. In 1941, following the advancing Romanian Army after Operation Barbarossa, and, according to Antonescu propaganda, alleged attacks by Jewish (Resistance groups of Soviet partisans - for Antonescu, all Jews were communists, see Odessa massacre), Antonescu ordered the deportation to Transnistria, of all Jews of Bessarabia and Bukovina (between 130,000 and 145,000), who were considered en masse "Communist agents" by the official propaganda. "Deportation" however was a euphemism, as part of the process involved killing many Jews before deporting the rest in the "trains of death" (in reality long exhausting marches on foot) to the East. Of those who escaped the initial ethnic cleansing in Bukovina and Bessarabia, only very few managed to survive "trains" and the concentration camps set up in the Transnistria Governorate. Further killings perpetrated by Antonescu's death squads (documents prove his direct orders) targeted the Jewish population that the Romanian Army managed to round up when occupying Transnistria. Over one hundred thousand of these were in massacres staged in such places as Odessa, Bogdanovka, Akmecetka in 1941 and 1942.
Antonescu did halt deportations despite German pressure starting with October 1942, as he began to seek peace with the Allies, although at the same time he levied heavy taxes and forced labor on the remaining Jewish communities. Also, sometimes with the encouragement of Antonescu's regime, thirteen boats left Romania for the British Mandate of Palestine during the war, carrying 13,000 Jews (two of these ships sunk, and the effort was discontinued after German pressure was applied).
Half of the estimated 270,000 to 320,000 Jews living in Bessarabia, Bukovina, and the former Dorohoi County in Romania were murdered between June 1941 and the spring of 1944. After a wave of random initial killings, Jews in Moldavia were subject to pogroms, while those in Bessarabia, Bukovina and Dorohoi were concentrated into ghettos from which they were deported to concentration camps in the Transnistria Governorate, including camps built and run by Romanians. Romanian soldiers also worked with the German Einsatzkommando to massacre Jews in conquered territories east of the Romania's 1940 border. The total number of deaths is not certain, but even the lowest respectable estimates run to about 250,000 Jews (plus 25,000 deported Romani, of which half perished). At the same time, 120,000 of Transylvania's 150,000 Jews died at the hands of the Fascist Hungarians later in the war (see Northern Transylvania). Also, Antonescu's government made plans for mass deportations from the Regat to Belzec, but never carried them out.
Nonetheless, in stark contrast to many countries of Eastern and Central Europe, the majority of Romanian Jews (if restricted to rump Romania, outside the territories occupied in 1940 by Hungary and the Soviet Union) survived the war, although they were subject to a wide range of harsh conditions, including forced labor, financial penalties, and discriminatory laws. The number of victims, however, makes Romania count as, according to the Wiesel Commission, "Of all the allies of Nazi Germany, [responsible] for the deaths of more Jews than any country other than Germany itself".
This digital art is created by :OBedeya Dorin David Aurel Ben Aharon Cohen
The Holocaust from Romania
The Iron Guard and Antonescu's regime
The Background to persecution and the Holocaust from Romania is simple and obvious.Jews in Romania they,founded the Israeli Zionist spirit on Romanian territory.
Alba Iulia city Great Union of Romanians, becomes City Proclamation of Israel State .
On December 2, 1864 in Alba Iulia was held the first Congress Modern united Hebrew "Jewish Sanhedrin."After an absence of 1800 years . And was founded National Cultural Organization " Hovevei le'Ţion". Becoming,the first Zionist party.
- Has been the only the Sanhedrin where have been accepted and recognized absolutely all Jews, Mosaic, Sephardi, Ashkenazi, Orthodox, Conservative, words and Messianic even Marani and atheists. At Alba Iulia was Teodeor Herzl father of modern Israel state , by origin Serbo-Romanian Jew from father Serbo-Romanian , and mother Romania-Jew.
- On days 30 and December 31, 1881, in Focsani opened the first Zionist Congress, of the Zionist Unions from Romania.
- On days 30 and December 31, 1881, in Focsani opened the first Zionist Congress, of the Zionist Unions from Romania. The first Zionist Congress in the world.
- The Zionists goal was re-colonization of territories in the Land of Israel. At the congress was attended by 56 delegates representing 33 local Zionist organizations, organizations representing approximately 70,000 activists jews, one third of Romanian Jews.
- Congress President was Samuel Pineles (Messianic Jew) of Galati and the congress secretary was David Rintzler. He was the Hebrew-Christian who had rejected the Church. At the Congress from Focsani anthem was sung for the first time Hatikva, today the official anthem of the State of Israel.
- In the years 1918-1920 from Romania emigrated to Palestine 1500-200 of jews each month. Resettlement process, has been brutally stopped by the Antonescu regime during 1921-1920.
After Romania entered the war at the start of Operation Barbarossa atrocities against the Jews became common, starting with the Iași pogrom - on June 27, 1941, Romanian dictator Ion Antonescu telephoned Col. Constantin Lupu, commander of the Iași garrison, telling him formally to "cleanse Iași of its Jewish population", though plans for the pogrom had been laid even earlier - 13,266 Jews, according to Romanian authorities, were killed in July 1941.
In July–August 1941, the yellow badge was imposed by local initiatives in several cities (Iași, Bacău, Cernăuți). A similar measure imposed by the national government lasted only five days (between September 3 and September 8, 1941), before being annulled on Antonescu's order. However, on local initiative, the badge was still worn especially in the towns of Moldavia, Bessarabia and Bukovina (Bacău, Iași, Câmpulung, Botoșani, Cernăuți, etc.).
According to the Wiesel Commission report released by the Romanian government in 2004, Romania murdered in various forms, between 280,000 to 380,000 Jews in Romania and in the war zone of Bessarabia, Bukovina and in the Transnistria Governorate. Until 2004, when researchers made numerous documents publicly available, many in Romania denied knowledge that their country participated in the Holocaust. In 1941, following the advancing Romanian Army after Operation Barbarossa, and, according to Antonescu propaganda, alleged attacks by Jewish (Resistance groups of Soviet partisans - for Antonescu, all Jews were communists, see Odessa massacre), Antonescu ordered the deportation to Transnistria, of all Jews of Bessarabia and Bukovina (between 130,000 and 145,000), who were considered en masse "Communist agents" by the official propaganda. "Deportation" however was a euphemism, as part of the process involved killing many Jews before deporting the rest in the "trains of death" (in reality long exhausting marches on foot) to the East. Of those who escaped the initial ethnic cleansing in Bukovina and Bessarabia, only very few managed to survive "trains" and the concentration camps set up in the Transnistria Governorate. Further killings perpetrated by Antonescu's death squads (documents prove his direct orders) targeted the Jewish population that the Romanian Army managed to round up when occupying Transnistria. Over one hundred thousand of these were in massacres staged in such places as Odessa, Bogdanovka, Akmecetka in 1941 and 1942.
Antonescu did halt deportations despite German pressure starting with October 1942, as he began to seek peace with the Allies, although at the same time he levied heavy taxes and forced labor on the remaining Jewish communities. Also, sometimes with the encouragement of Antonescu's regime, thirteen boats left Romania for the British Mandate of Palestine during the war, carrying 13,000 Jews (two of these ships sunk, and the effort was discontinued after German pressure was applied).
Half of the estimated 270,000 to 320,000 Jews living in Bessarabia, Bukovina, and the former Dorohoi County in Romania were murdered between June 1941 and the spring of 1944. After a wave of random initial killings, Jews in Moldavia were subject to pogroms, while those in Bessarabia, Bukovina and Dorohoi were concentrated into ghettos from which they were deported to concentration camps in the Transnistria Governorate, including camps built and run by Romanians. Romanian soldiers also worked with the German Einsatzkommando to massacre Jews in conquered territories east of the Romania's 1940 border. The total number of deaths is not certain, but even the lowest respectable estimates run to about 250,000 Jews (plus 25,000 deported Romani, of which half perished). At the same time, 120,000 of Transylvania's 150,000 Jews died at the hands of the Fascist Hungarians later in the war (see Northern Transylvania). Also, Antonescu's government made plans for mass deportations from the Regat to Belzec, but never carried them out.
Nonetheless, in stark contrast to many countries of Eastern and Central Europe, the majority of Romanian Jews (if restricted to rump Romania, outside the territories occupied in 1940 by Hungary and the Soviet Union) survived the war, although they were subject to a wide range of harsh conditions, including forced labor, financial penalties, and discriminatory laws. The number of victims, however, makes Romania count as, according to the Wiesel Commission, "Of all the allies of Nazi Germany, [responsible] for the deaths of more Jews than any country other than Germany itself".
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